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tara (2) f. (Noun) (Venezuela) "tally stick" Traditionally supposed to be a variant of tarja (2) from Old Spanish taja, but the sound changes are unexplained. In 1694, the Canarian historian Tomás Arias Marín de Cubas noted that indigenous Canarians called astrological etchings found in caves tara and tarja. It may be that the sound change from tarja to tara arose from the early Canarian peoples, or it may be that the etchings are named after the Guanche toponym Tara and that there is no connection between the Canary islands and this word. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Tibón, G. Diccionario etimológico comparado de los apellidos españoles, hispanoamericanos y filipinos. Editorial Diana: Mexico. 1988.
tara (3) f. (Noun) (Bolivia & Peru) "Tara spinosa" 19th cent. The name of a small, thorny bush cultivated as a source of tannins. From Quechua tara 'id.' Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
tarde (Adverb, Noun) "late;" "afternoon" 12th cent. From Latin tarde 'id.,' from tardus "slow." Of unknown etymology. Indo-European Romance Portuguese tardo, Catalan tard, French tardif, Italian tardo, Aromanian tãrdzãu, Romanian târziu, Sardinian taldu Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
tarea f. (Noun) work; "homework" Very late 15th cent. Old Spanish atarea. From Arabic ṭarīḥa "endeavor," from Classical Arabic ṭáraḥa "to throw." Indo-European Romance Portuguese tarefa, Galician tarefa When borrowing nouns from Arabic, Spanish tended to preserve the article al- before the noun and interpret it as part of the noun. For example, Alhambra is from Arabic al-Hamra. Interestingly enough, tarea does not preserve al-. "A number of Arabisms that have entered Spanish show no traces of the agglutinated article: bellota 'acorn', berenjena (but sporadic and later alberengena ...) 'eggplant', jarro/jarra 'jar', rehén (alongside OSp. arrehén) 'hostage', tambor (originally atamor) 'drum', tarea (OSp. atarea) 'task', taza 'cup'." ~ S. Dworkin, A History of the Spanish Lexicon (2012) Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Dworkin, S. N. A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective. Oxford University Press. 2012. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
tarja (1) f. (Noun) "shield" 15th cent. Borrowed from Old French targe 'id.' Borrowed from Old English *targe 'id.' or a similar Germanic source. From Proto-Germanic *targōn- "edge." Derived from a pre-form *dorg^h- "to separate" of unknown origin. Indo-European Romance Portuguese tarja, French targe, Italian targa Germanic Old Norse targa "small shield," Old High German zarga "edge," Old English targe "small shield" Balto-Slavic Old Church Slavonic po-dragъ "edge" Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Kroonen, G. Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic. BRILL. 2014. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
tarja (2) f. (Noun) "tally;" "tallying stick" Very Early 17th cent. Old Spanish taja, although the appearance of -r- in Modern Spanish is unexpected (compare tajar, which has remained unaltered). From Latin taliare "to tally" (see tajar). Indo-European Romance Asturian tallar, Portuguese talhar, Catalan tallar, French tailler, Italian tagliare, Aromanian talj, Romanian tăia Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
tarjeta f. (Noun) "card" 19th cent. Borrowed from Old French targette "small shield," diminutive of targe "shield" (see tarja). Indo-European Romance Italian targhetta Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
tarugo m. (Noun) "wooden plug," (El Salvador & Nicaragua) "wood block;" (slang) "stupid person" 14th cent. Of unknown origin but probably from a pre-Roman language as *tar-u- "wooden stake" (cf. tarusa). Indo-European Romance Portuguese tarugo, French taranche, French (Rouergue) tarenco Celtic Gaulish tarinca "stake," Old Irish tairnge 'id.' Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
tarusa f. (Noun) (Asturian, Leon, Palencia, and Zamora) "quoits" A traditional game played by throwing discs at wooden stakes. Origin unknown but possibly from a pre-Roman language *-tar-u- meaning "wooden stake" (cf. tarugo, which is suspected to be from Iberian, and possibly tara (2) - although evidence suggests that, as a word, tara developed in the Canary Islands). Indo-European Romance Asturian tarusa Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
taxi m. (Noun) "taxi" Shortened from taxímetro. See also taxi-. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.