Asturian sal, Portuguese sal, Galician sal, Catalan sal, French sel, Italian sale, Aromanian sare, Romanian sare, Sardinian sai
Umbrian šalu "salt"
Old Irish salann "salt"
Gothic salt "salt," Old Norse salt 'id.,' Old High German salz 'id.,' Old Saxon salt 'id.,' Old English sealt (English salt)
Old Church Slavonic solь "salt," Russian sol' 'id.,' Czech sůl 'id.,' Polish sól 'id.,' Slovene sọ̑ɫ 'id.,' Old Prussian sal 'id.,' Latvian sā̀ls 'id.'
Ancient Greek ἅλς (háls) "salt"
Armenian aɫ "salt"
A sāle "salt," B salyiye 'id.'
"The word for 'salt' (*seha-(e)l-)... was a major issue of discussion among linguists of the nineteenth century because it was regarded as diacritical in locating the homeland [of the Proto-Indo-European speakers] near a natural source of salt such as the Black Sea or the Aegean. In reality, salt springs and later salt mines were exploited over many areas of Eurasia since the Neolithic shift in diet that required salt for both dietary reasons (increasing consumption of cereals resulted in a reduction of salt intake from a meat diet) and for the preservation of meats." ~ Mallory & Adams, The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (2006)
"The word sal may in fact be a remnant of a Proto-Indo-European ablaut with a root-vowel *a. This is controversial at best, and not reflected in the etymologies in our dictionary, however the bare possibility demands mentioning. "Although the evidence is sparse, it appears that roots with a as fundamental vowel also ablauted. The root *sal- 'salt' had a zero-grad *sl̥-...; the root *nas- 'nose' has a lengthened-grade derivatives such as Latin nār-ēs and English nose, both from *nās-; and the root *laku- 'body of water' (Lat. lacus 'lake', Gk. lákkos 'pond') had an o-grade form *loku- that became Scottish Gaelic loch 'lake'. The view that roots in a ablauted is not universally accepted, but these forms are difficult to explain otherwise." ~ B. Fortson, Indo-European Language and Culture (2011)
|
Spanish suelo
Old Norse salr "hall, "house," Old High German sal "hall," Old Saxon seli 'id.,' Old English sæl 'id.'
Old Church Slavonic selo "field," "village," Russian seló "village," Old Czech selo "field," Polish sioɫo "soil," "village," Slovene sélọ "colony," "village," Lithuanian salà "island," "field"
|
|
|
|
Portuguese sair, Italian salire, Aromanian sar, Romanian sări, Sardinian salire
Ancient Greek ἅλλομαι (hállomai) "to jump"
Sanskrit sisarṣi "you run"
A salat "flying," B salāte "to jumped"
|
Asturian saltar, Portuguese saltar, Galician saltar, Catalan saltar, French sauter, Italian saltare, Aromanian saltu, Romanian sălta, Sardinian saltai
|
Asturian salú, Portuguese saúde, Galician saúde, Catalan salut, French salut, Italian salute, Romanian salut, Sardinian saludu
|
Portuguese salvar, Catalan salvar, French sauver, Italian salvare, Romanian salva, Sardinian salvai
|
Oscan σαλαϝς (salaws) "whole," Umbrian saluom 'id.,' Faliscan salues "healths," Marsian salaus "whole"
Albanian gjallë "alive"
Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos) "whole"
Sanskrit sárva- "whole," Young Avestan hauruua- 'id.'
A salu "wholly"
|