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humo
m.
(Noun)
"smoke"
11th cent. From Latin fumus 'id.'
From Proto-Italic *fūmo- 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *dhu̯h2-mó- 'id.' From a root *dhu̯eh2- "to smoke" (whence heder) and the noun-forming suffix *-mó- (see -mo).
Romance:
Western Vulgar Latin: Asturian fumu, Portuguese fumo, Galician fume, Catalan fum, French fumée, Italian fumo; Eastern Vulgar Latin: Aromanian fum, Romanian fum; Sardinian: fummu
Indo-European:
Germanic: Old High German toum "steam"; Balto-Slavic: Old Church Slavonic dymъ "smoke," Old Prussian dumis 'id.,' Lithuanian dū́mai 'id.;'
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humor
m.
(Noun)
"humor"
13th cent. Originally referring to bodily humors. Borrowed from Medieval Latin umor 'id.' and the h- added through hypercorrection. From Latin umor "liquid."
From Proto-Italic *ūmo- "wet." From Proto-Indo-European *u̯h1-mo- "wet." A putative root *u̯eh1- "to be wet" is extremely uncertain.
Italic:
Latin uvidus "soaked"
Indo-European:
Celtic: Middle Irish fúal "urine;" Germanic: Old Norse vǫkr "moist," Middle Dutch wac 'id.;' Hellenic: Ancient Greek ὑγρός (ygrós) "wet"
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humus (1)
m.
(Noun)
"humus" A collection of decomposing organic compounds.
Borrowed from Latin humus "earth," "soil."
From Proto-Italic *χomo- 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *dhǵ-ōm 'id.,' with a stem *dheǵ- of uncertain meaning.
Romance:
Western Vulgar Latin: French humus
Italic:
Oscan húnttram "who is below" (< *ǵhom-tero-; the second element being the comparative suffix *-tero- added (see -tr-)), Umbrian hutra "the one underneath" (< *ǵhom-tero-),
Indo-European:
Celtic: Old Irish dú "place" Balto-Slavic: Old Church Slavonic zemlja "earth," Russian zemljá 'id.,' Czech země 'id.,' Bulgarian zemjá, Old Prussian semmē 'id.,' Lithuanian žẽmė 'id.,' Latvian zeme 'id.;' Albanian: dhe "earth;" Hellenic: Ancient Greek χθών (khthón) "earth;" Indo-Iranian: Sanskrit kṣā́ḥ "earth," Avestan zā̊ 'id.;' Tocharian: A tkaṃ "earth," B keṃ 'id.;' Anatolian: Hittite tēkan "earth," Hieroglyphic Luwian takam 'id.'
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humus (2)
m.
(Noun)
"hummus"
Borrowed from Turkish humus 'id.,' which in turn was borrowed from Arabic ḥummuṣ "hummus," but more accurately "chickpeas," the main ingredient in hummus.
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hundir
(Verb)
"to sink"
13th cent. From Latin fundere "to pour." The evolution from "pouring" into "sinking" comes from naval war; the word was used as a term for sinking enemy seacraft.
From Proto-Italic *χund-e/o- 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *ǵhu-n-d- 'id.,' a d-present re-interpreted as a nasal present, but the change from *ǵh- to *χ- in Proto-Italic is unexpected.
Romance:
Western Vulgar Latin: Asturian fundir, Galician fundir
Italic:
Umbrian hondu "throw down," Faliscan huti[c]ilom (?) "vasette?"
Indo-European:
Germanic: Gothic giutan "to pour," Old English gheotan 'id.' (English gush); Hellenic: Ancient Greek χέω (khéo) "I pour;" Armenian: jew "mould;" Indo-Iranian: Sanskrit juhóti "pours," Avestan ā-zūiti- "butter," "sacrificial fat;" Tocharian: B ku- "to pour;" Anatolian: Hittitte kūtt- "wall"
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