A Directory | OEDoS

aya f. (Noun) "governess" 15th cent. From Latin avia "grandmother." From Proto-Italic *awīā 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eu̯-i̯h₂- 'id.' From *h₂eu̯h₂- "grandparent" (see also ayo). Indo-European Romance Portuguese aia, Catalan aia Hellenic Ancient Greek αἶα (?) (aía) "grandmother" In the masculine, Latin avus "grandfather" took a different sense. See ayo. The -i- in avia is a relic from a devi-type inflection in Proto-Indo-European, vanishingly rare in the Italic language family. Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. de Vaan, M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and Other Italic Languages. BRILL. 2014. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
ayer m. (Noun, Adverb) "yesterday" Early 14th cent. Old Spanish yer. From Latin heri 'id.,' with a- added via analogy with other adverbs. From Proto-Italic *χes-i 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *ǵ^h-di̯-es "yesterday," but originally "at that day." From *ǵ^h-e/o- "this," "that" (see aquí, acá) and *di̯- "day" (see día). Indo-European Romance Asturian ayeri, Old Portuguese eire, Catalan ahir, Occitan ièr, French hier, Italian ieri, Dalmation jere, Aromanian a(i)eri, Romanian ieri Celtic Old Irish indé, Middle Breton doe, Old Cornish doy Germanic Gothic gistra-dagis "tomorrow," Old Norse í gær "yesterday," "tomorrow," Old High German gestaron, Old English geostran-dæg (English yesterday) Albanian Albanian dje Hellenic Ancient Greek χθές (k^ht^hés) Indo-Iranian Sanskrit hyás Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. de Vaan, M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and Other Italic Languages. BRILL. 2014. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
ayo m. (Noun) "tutor" 11th cent. From Latin avus "grandfather." From Proto-Italic *awo- 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eu̯h₂- "grandparent." Indo-European Romance Portuguese avô, Galician avó, Catalan avi, Occitan ièr, Italian avo, Dalmation jere, Romanian auș, Sardinian abu Celtic Old Irish aue "grandson," Middle Welsh ewythr "uncle," Middle Breton eontr 'id.' Germanic Gothic awo "grandmother," Old Norse ái "great-grandparent" Albanian Albanian dje Balto-Slavic Old Church Slavonic ujь, Old Prussian awis "uncle," Lithuanian avýnas "maternal uncle" Armenian Armenian haw In the feminine, Latin avia "grandmother" took a different sense. See aya. Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. de Vaan, M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and Other Italic Languages. BRILL. 2014. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
ayuda f. (Noun) "help" 12th cent. From ayudar. Indo-European Romance Asturian ayuda, Portuguese ajuda, Galician axuda, Catalan ajuda, French aide Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
ayudar (Verb) "to help" 12th cent. From Latin adiutare 'id.,' a verb formed from adiuvare "to assist," from ad- "towards" (see a(d)-) and iuvare "to help." From Proto-Italic *ijow- 'id.' From Proto-Indo-European *h_i̯-h₁eu̯H-(e/o)- 'id.' Indo-European Romance Asturian ayudar, Portuguese ajudar, Galician axudar, Catalan a(j)udar, French aider, Italian aiutare, Aromanian agiutari, Romanian ajutare Celtic Old Irish conoí Indo-Iranian Sanskrit ávati, Old Avestan auuāmī As Latin evolved into Spanish, -d- disappeared when it was intervocalic and along a morpheme border (compare Latin adunare "to join" > Spanish aunar). Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. de Vaan, M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and Other Italic Languages. BRILL. 2014. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
ayunar (Verb) "to fast" 13th cent. From Vulgar Latin iaiunare 'id.' From Latin iaiunus "fasting." From Proto-Italic *jagjūno- "sacrificial." Animal sacrifices were performed on an empty stomach. From Proto-Indo-European *Hi̯eh₂ǵ-i̯u- 'id.' From a root *Hi̯eh₂ǵ- "to sacrifice." Indo-European Romance Asturian ayunar, Romanian ajuna Hellenic Ancient Greek ἁγνός (agnós) "holy" Indo-Iranian Sanskrit yájati "to sacrifice," Avestan yaza- "to worship" Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. de Vaan, M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and Other Italic Languages. BRILL. 2014. Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman. Online. Ed. by É. Buchi & W. Schweickard. 2018. http://www.atilf.fr/DERom. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
-azgo Suffix indicating the relationship or position of the noun. Akin to English -ship. From Latin -aticus, an adjective-forming suffix. From -atus "like" (see -ado) and -icus, an adjective-forming suffix (see -ico). Indo-European Romance Italian -atico, Aromanian -atic, Romanian -atec Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
-azo Suffix augmenting a noun, meaning a hit or strike, or indicating brevity. From Latin -aceus a relational suffix. From -ax "inclination" and -eus, indicating characteristics of the noun. Indo-European Romance French -asse, Italian -accio Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.
azúcar m. & f. (Noun) "sugar" 13th cent. From Andalusian Arabic assúkkar 'id.,' itself borrowed from Greek σάκχαρι (sákhari) 'id.,' earlier σάκχαρ (sákk^har). A loan from an Indic source, perhaps Pali sakkharā- 'id.' From Sanskrit śárkarā- 'id.' Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/.
azul m. (Adjective, Noun) "blue" 10th cent. Old Spanish azur. Originally referring to lapis lazuli and the color of dye the stone makes. Borrowed from Andalucian Arabic *lāzūrd of Arabic lāzuward "lapis lazuli," itself borrowed from Persian lâjvard 'id.' "Latin lacked a basic term for 'blue,' using caerulus 'sky-colored' as the label for that color, a word that failed to survive in Romance languages, in all of which the basic term for 'blue' is a borrowing... There seems to be no way of knowing how speakers expressed the concept of 'blue' prior to the integration of azul into the lexicon." ~ S. N. Dworkin, A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective (2012) Corominas, J. & J. Pascual. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e híspanico. 6 vols. Madrid: Gredos. 1991-1997. Dworkin, S. N. A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective. Oxford University Press. 2012. Real Academia Española. Diccionario de la lengua española. Online. 23rd ed. Madrid: Espasa Calpa. 2014. http://www.rae.es/. Sihler, A. New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press. 2008.